![]() ![]() ISO grades are used most commonly with hydraulic oils. Fluids are most commonly measured in Sabolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Sabolt Seconds Universal (SSU), which is measured with a Saybolt Viscosimeter. As an example: 30W oil flows much faster at higher temperatures. If the tested oil takes more than 1,000 sec for the 65 ml to flow, the tested oil temperature is increased. Lower viscosity fluids will flow more easily and faster, while high viscosity fluids will flow more slowly. The time measured in seconds for a volume of 65 ml to flow through the orifice is the rating of the oil. The tested oil is brought to 100° F and poured through a standard orifice of 0.0695 in. The most common unit in the United States is the Sabolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Sabolt Seconds Universal (SSU), which is measured with a Saybolt Viscosimeter. Viscosity- Because an oil’s viscosity changes with temperature, it is always expressed at a reference temperature, usually 100° and 210° F. The viscosity index number indicates the extent of thickness, or resistance to flow, with temperature changes. Viscosity rating is a measure of the oil’s resistance to flow or thickness, and is the single most important characteristic of hydraulic oil. Viscosity index should not be confused with viscosity it is an altogether different kind of rating. One of these other chemicals is a viscosity index improver. For these uses, petroleum oil is highly refined to remove undesirable chemicals while other chemicals, such as additives, are added to improve the oil’s performance. Petroleum-based hydraulic fluid has a variety of desirable characteristics, including lubricating and anti-wear properties, so it is often the preferred fluid for hydraulic systems. DMAR Technical Training and DMAR Business Centers USA Photo: Meg Schneider.SAE Multigrade Oils - Viscosities and Densities Viscosities and densities of SAE Grade oils.Reynolds Number Introduction and definition of the dimensionless Reynolds Number - online calculators.Pipes Submerged in Oil or Fat - Heat Emission Heat emission from steam or water heating pipes submerged in oil or fat - forced and natural circulation.Oil Flow Pressure drop in oil pipes - viscosities ranging 100 - 600 Saybolt Universal Seconds. Motor Oils - Dynamic Viscosities Dynamic viscosities for motor oils SAE 10 to 50 for temperatures ranging 0-100 oC.Laminar, Transitional and Turbulent Flow Heat transfer, pressure and head loss in a fluid varies with laminar, transitional or turbulent flow.Kinematic Viscosity - Conversion Diagram Convert between Centistokes, Saybolt and Redwood seconds.ISO Grade Oils - Viscosities and Densities Viscosities and densities of ISO - and equivalent SAE grade oils.ISO-VG Grade ISO-VG viscosity grades for industrial lubricants. ![]() Industrial Lubricants - Viscosities vs.Hazen-Williams Pressure Loss Equation The Hazen-Williams equation can be used to calculate the pressure drop (psi) or friction loss in pipes or tubes.Fuel Oil Combustion Values Combustion values in Btu/gal for fuel oils No.1 to No.6.Fuel Oil Burners Pot types, gun types and rotary types fuel burners.Engine & Gear Oil - Recommended Viscosity vs.Dynamic (Absolute) Viscosity - Converting Chart Convert dynamic viscosity values between units like Poiseuille - Poise - centiPoise and more.Gravity Viscosity at 20☌/68☏ and 50☌/122☏ for more than 120 crudes is shown as function of specific Drag Coefficient The drag coefficient quantifies the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment. Centrifugal Pumps - Viscosity Influence Hydrodynamic losses through pumps depends on fluid viscosities.Temperature and Pressure Online calculator, figures and table showing dynamic and kinematic viscosity of benzene, C 6H 6, at varying temperature and pressure - Imperial and SI Units. Benzene - Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity vs.Online API to Specific Gravity calculator. API Gravity API expresses the gravity or density of liquid petroleum products.Viscosities Viscosities of products and chemical species at varying conditions.Material Properties Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time. Fluid Mechanics The study of fluids - liquids and gases. ![]()
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